The year 1485 has usually been taken to mark the end of the Middle Ages
in England. Of course, nobody at the time would have seen it as such. There was
no reason to think that the new King Henry VII would rule over a country any
different from the one ruled over by Richard III. Before looking at the changes
in England under the House of Tudor it might be worth looking back at some of
the main social developments that had taken place in the late Middle Ages.
Society was still based upon rank. At the top were dukes, earls and
other lords, although there were far fewer a
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